How to convert Philippine pesos to US dollars. 1 Input your amount. Simply type in the box how much you want to convert. 2 Choose your currencies. Click on the dropdown to select PHP in the first dropdown as the currency that you want to convert and USD in the second drop down as the currency you want to convert to. 3Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 13,000 php. Converted to. 225.82 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01737 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 20:59. Track the exchange rate.2 days ago · Quick Conversions from Philippine Peso to United States Dollar : 1 PHP = 0.0173399 USD. Last Updated 5/14/2024 2:03:15 PM. 10,000 USD to PHP - Convert US Dollars to Philippine Pesos. Xe Currency Converter. Convert Send Charts Alerts. Amount. 10000 $ From. USD – US Dollar. To. PHP – Philippine Peso. 10,000.00 US Dollars = 573,612.57 Philippine Pesos. 1 USD = 57.3613 PHP. 1 PHP = 0.0174334 USD. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for ...Convert USD to PHP at the real exchange rate. Amount. 25,000 usd. Converted to. 1,433,950 php. $1.000 USD = ₱57.36 PHP. Mid-market exchange rate at 11:01. Track the exchange rate Send money.1 USD to PHP - Convert US Dollars to Philippine Pesos. Xe Currency Converter. Convert Send Charts Alerts. Amount. 1 $ From. USD – US Dollar. To. PHP – Philippine Peso. 1.00 US Dollar = 57.54 3073 Philippine Pesos. 1 PHP = 0.0173783 USD. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for informational purposes only.Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 150,000 php. Converted to. 2,605.64 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01737 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 20:59. Track the exchange rate.Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 20,000 php. Converted to. 347.42 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01737 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 20:59. Track the exchange rate.10,000 php. Converted to. 261.70 aud. ₱1.000 PHP = A$0.02617 AUD. Mid-market exchange rate at 08:12. Track the exchange rate.The cost of 55000 Philippine Pesos in Singapore Dollars today is $1,295.18 according to the “Open Exchange Rates”, compared to yesterday, the exchange rate decreased by -0.06% (by -$0.000015). The exchange rate of the Philippine Peso in relation to the Singapore Dollar on the chart, the table of the dynamics of the cost as a …Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 70,000 php. Converted to. 1,219.11 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01742 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 08:14. Track the exchange rate.5,000 PHP = 87.62 USD at the rate on 2024-05-05. ₱1 = $0.02 at the rate on 2024-05-05. The cost of 5,000 Philippine Pesos in United States Dollars today is …Good Time. The table displays the facts and analysis of the fluctuations. On this day a year ago, one received $268.48 us dollars for ₱15,000.00 philippine pesos, which is $8.87 more than today's rate. The most favorable exchange rate in the past 7 days, was $261.66.Keep an eye on this page and stay informed about any changes.The cost of 7000 Philippine Pesos in United States Dollars today is $121.60 according to the “Open Exchange Rates”, compared to yesterday, the exchange rate remained unchanged. The exchange rate of the Philippine Peso in relation to the United States Dollar on the chart, the table of the dynamics of the cost as a percentage for the …How to convert Philippine pesos to Canadian dollars. 1 Input your amount. Simply type in the box how much you want to convert. 2 Choose your currencies. Click on the dropdown to select PHP in the first dropdown as the currency that you want to convert and CAD in the second drop down as the currency you want to convert to. 3PHP 1.00 = 0.017 USD. invert currencies. x. PHP - Philippine Peso. USD - United States Dollar. Conversion Rate (Buy/Sell) USD/PHP = 0.017339913. Last …Jollibee Foods is the largest fast food company in the Philippines and one of the largest Asian fast food chains overall. The company started in 1975 as an ice cream parlor in Cuba...10,000 php. Converted to. 261.70 aud. ₱1.000 PHP = A$0.02617 AUD. Mid-market exchange rate at 08:12. Track the exchange rate.Get free real-time information on USD/CUP quotes including USD/CUP live chart. Indices Commodities Currencies StocksGood Time. The table displays the facts and analysis of the fluctuations. On this day a year ago, one received $268.48 us dollars for ₱15,000.00 philippine pesos, which is $8.87 more than today's rate. The most favorable exchange rate in the past 7 days, was $261.66.Keep an eye on this page and stay informed about any changes.I recently experienced my first Philippine Airlines flight, just a few short weeks after TPG managing editor Alberto Riva reviewed the same airline in busine... I recently experien...How to convert Philippine pesos to US dollars. 1 Input your amount. Simply type in the box how much you want to convert. 2 Choose your currencies. Click on the dropdown to select PHP in the first dropdown as the currency that you want to convert and USD in the second drop down as the currency you want to convert to. 3 That’s itJan 25, 2024 · The cost of 55000 Australian Dollars in Philippine Pesos today is ₱2,032,033.67 according to the “Open Exchange Rates”, compared to yesterday, the exchange rate decreased by -0.09% (by -₱0.03). The cost of 7000 Philippine Pesos in United States Dollars today is $121.60 according to the “Open Exchange Rates”, compared to yesterday, the exchange rate remained unchanged. The exchange rate of the Philippine Peso in relation to the United States Dollar on the chart, the table of the dynamics of the cost as a percentage for the …How to convert Philippine pesos to US dollars. 1 Input your amount. Simply type in the box how much you want to convert. 2 Choose your currencies. Click on the dropdown to select PHP in the first dropdown as the currency that you want to convert and USD in the second drop down as the currency you want to convert to. 36 days ago · The cost of 15000 Philippine Pesos in United States Dollars today is $260.21 according to the “Open Exchange Rates”, compared to yesterday, the exchange rate decreased by -0.56% (by -$0.0001). The exchange rate of the Philippine Peso in relation to the United States Dollar on the chart , the table of the dynamics of the cost as a percentage ... Perhaps no country on Earth loves Christmas more than the Philippines. Residents there celebrate the holiday for four months solid. Here's why. Advertisement Some people are fond o... Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 150,000 php. Converted to. 2,605.64 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01737 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 20:59. Track the exchange rate. Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. Amount. 35,000 php. Converted to. 610.63 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01745 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 00:21. Track the exchange rate. Get free real-time information on USD/UYU quotes including USD/UYU live chart. Indices Commodities Currencies Stocks Convert PHP to AUD at the real exchange rate. 50,000 php. Converted to. 1,308.23 aud. ₱1.000 PHP = A$0.02616 AUD. Mid-market exchange rate at 13:01. Track the exchange rate. How to convert Philippine pesos to US dollars. 1 Input your amount. Simply type in the box how much you want to convert. 2 Choose your currencies. Click on the dropdown to select PHP in the first dropdown as the currency that you want to convert and USD in the second drop down as the currency you want to convert to. 3The information shown there does not constitute financial advice. Conversion rates US Dollar / Philippine Peso. 1 USD. 57.81820 PHP. 5 USD. 289.09100 PHP. 10 USD. Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 55 php. Converted to. 0.95 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01732 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 01:08. Track the exchange rate. 5,000 php. Converted to. 131.52 aud. ₱1.000 PHP = A$0.02630 AUD. Mid-market exchange rate at 20:59. Track the exchange rate. Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 13,000 php. Converted to. 225.82 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01737 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 20:59. Track the exchange rate.The cost of 5000 Philippine Pesos in Canadian Dollars today is $118.29 according to the “Open Exchange Rates”, compared to yesterday, the exchange rate increased by 0.13% (by +$0.000031). The exchange rate of the Philippine Peso in relation to the Canadian Dollar on the chart, the table of the dynamics of the cost as a …Analyze historical currency charts or live US dollar / Philippine peso rates and get free rate alerts directly to your email. ... 28,757.55000 PHP: 1000 USD: 57,515.10000 PHP: 2000 USD: 115,030.20000 PHP: 5000 USD: 287,575.50000 PHP: 10000 USD: 575,151.00000 PHP: Conversion rates Philippine Peso / US Dollar; 1 PHP:From. PHP – Philippine Peso. To. SGD – Singapore Dollar. 1.00 Philippine Peso =. 0.02 3415822 Singapore Dollars. 1 SGD = 42.7062 PHP. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for informational purposes only.Analyze historical currency charts or live US dollar / Philippine peso rates and get free rate alerts directly to your email. ... 28,757.55000 PHP: 1000 USD: 57,515.10000 PHP: 2000 USD: 115,030.20000 PHP: 5000 USD: 287,575.50000 PHP: 10000 USD: 575,151.00000 PHP: Conversion rates Philippine Peso / US Dollar; 1 PHP:The cost of 15000 Philippine Pesos in United States Dollars today is $260.21 according to the “Open Exchange Rates”, compared to yesterday, the exchange rate decreased by -0.56% (by -$0.0001). The exchange rate of the Philippine Peso in relation to the United States Dollar on the chart , the table of the dynamics of the cost as a percentage ...10,000 USD to PHP - Convert US Dollars to Philippine Pesos. Xe Currency Converter. Convert Send Charts Alerts. Amount. 10000 $ From. USD – US Dollar. To. PHP – Philippine Peso. 10,000.00 US Dollars = 573,612.57 Philippine Pesos. 1 USD = 57.3613 PHP. 1 PHP = 0.0174334 USD. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for ... Convert SGD to PHP at the real exchange rate. 5,000 sgd. Converted to. 208,606.50 php. 1.000 SGD = 41.72 PHP. Mid-market exchange rate at 17:38. Track the exchange rate Send money. How to convert US dollars to Philippine pesos. 1 Input your amount. Simply type in the box how much you want to convert. 2 Choose your currencies. Click on the dropdown to select USD in the first dropdown as the currency that you want to convert and PHP in the second drop down as the currency you want to convert to. 3 That’s it The information shown there does not constitute financial advice. Conversion rates Philippine Peso / US Dollar. 1 PHP. 0.01730 USD. 5 PHP. 0.08649 USD. 10 PHP. 0.17299 USD. 20 PHP. Good Time. The table displays the facts and analysis of the fluctuations. On this day a year ago, one received ₱304,408.10 philippine pesos for $5,500.00 us dollars, which is ₱8,778.37 less than today's rate. The most favorable exchange rate in the past 7 days, was ₱313,472.50.Keep an eye on this page and stay informed about any changes.The cost of 15000 Philippine Pesos in United States Dollars today is $260.21 according to the “Open Exchange Rates”, compared to yesterday, the exchange rate decreased by -0.56% (by -$0.0001). The exchange rate of the Philippine Peso in relation to the United States Dollar on the chart , the table of the dynamics of the cost as a percentage ...CAD – Canadian Dollar. 1.00 Philippine Peso =. 0.02 3628423 Canadian Dollars. 1 CAD = 42.3219 PHP. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for informational purposes only. You won’t receive this rate when sending money. Login to view send rates. Philippine Peso to Canadian Dollar conversion — Last updated May 13, …How to convert US dollars to Philippine pesos. 1 Input your amount. Simply type in the box how much you want to convert. 2 Choose your currencies. Click on the dropdown to select USD in the first dropdown as the currency that you want to convert and PHP in the second drop down as the currency you want to convert to.Amount. 1 10 50 100 1000. From. USD - US Dollar $ PHP - Philippine Peso ₱. To. PHP - Philippine Peso ₱. USD - US Dollar $ PHP - Philippine Peso ₱. Convert. 55 000.00 …5000 PHP = 86.5 USD. The currency exchange rate, calculated between Philippine Peso and US Dollar on 04/27/2024 is 1 PHP = 0.0173 USD - AVERAGE intraday quotes were used for this currency conversion. USD – US Dollar. To. PHP – Philippine Peso. 5,000.00 US Dollars =. 289,111.99 Philippine Pesos. 1 USD = 57.8224 PHP. 1 PHP = 0.0172943 USD. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for informational purposes only. Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 1.12 php. Converted to. 0.02 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01731 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 16:23. Track the exchange rate.Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 15,800 php. Converted to. 274.06 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01735 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 16:49. Track the exchange rate.Need a finance mobile app agency in the Philippines? Read reviews & compare projects by leading financial app development companies. Find a company today! Development Most Popular ...Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 45,000 php. Converted to. 779.11 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01731 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 14:52. Track the exchange rate.Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 120,000 php. Converted to. 2,076.42 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01730 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 19:18. Track the exchange rate.The cost of 15,000 Philippine Pesos in United States Dollars today is $260.21 according to the “Open Exchange Rates”, compared to yesterday, the …For decades, the Philippines has been thought of as a sunny place for shady politicians, and an economic basket case. For decades, the Philippines has been thought of as a sunny pl...Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 50 php. Converted to. 0.87 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01737 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 20:59. Track the exchange rate.How to convert Philippine pesos to US dollars. 1 Input your amount. Simply type in the box how much you want to convert. 2 Choose your currencies. Click on the dropdown to select PHP in the first dropdown as the currency that you want to convert and USD in the second drop down as the currency you want to convert to. 3The cost of 5000 Dollars (SGD) in Philippine Pesos for a month (30 days) increased by +₱2,421.31 (two thousand four hundred twenty-one pesos thirty-one sentimos). Changes for the year (365 days) Date Day of the week 5000 SGD to PHP Changes Changes % May 10, 2023: Wednesday: 5000 SGD = 210,230.72 PHP-340.25 …To. USD – US Dollar. 4,000.00 Philippine Pesos =. 69.17 2831 US Dollars. 1 PHP = 0.0172932 USD. 1 USD = 57.8262 PHP. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for informational purposes only. You won’t receive this rate when sending money.The cost of 45000 Philippine Pesos in United States Dollars today is $778.17 according to the “Open Exchange Rates”, compared to yesterday, the exchange rate increased by 0.05% (by +$0.000009). The exchange rate of the Philippine Peso in relation to the United States Dollar on the chart , the table of the dynamics of the cost as a ...How much is ₱55,000.00 – the fifty-five thousand 🇵🇭 philippine pesos is worth $1,333.76 (CAD) today or 🇨🇦 one thousand three hundred thirty-three canadian dollars 76 cents as of 03:00AM UTC. We utilize mid-market currency rates to convert PHP against CAD currency pair. The current exchange rate is 0.024. 55,000 PHP. is equal to ...How to convert Philippine pesos to US dollars. 1 Input your amount. Simply type in the box how much you want to convert. 2 Choose your currencies. Click on the dropdown to select PHP in the first dropdown as the currency that you want to convert and USD in the second drop down as the currency you want to convert to. 3Convert PHP to AUD at the real exchange rate. 50,000 php. Converted to. 1,308.23 aud. ₱1.000 PHP = A$0.02616 AUD. Mid-market exchange rate at 13:01. Track the exchange rate.Discover the best business process outsourcing company in the Philippines. Browse our rankings to partner with award-winning experts that will bring your vision to life. Developmen...Convert 55000 US Dollar to Philippine Peso using latest Foreign Currency Exchange Rates. The fast and reliable converter shows how much you would get when exchanging fifty five thousand US Dollar to Philippine Peso. Amount. 1 10 50 100 1000. From. To Convert. 55 000.00 USD = 3 166 514.72 5 PHP. 1 USD = ...Currency Converter is an exchange rate information and news app only and not a currency trading platform. The information shown there does not constitute financial advice. Conversion rates Singapore Dollar / Philippine Peso. 1 SGD. 42.49640 PHP. 5 SGD. 212.48200 PHP.The current exchange rate is 0.017. 50,000 PHP. is equal to. 864.57 USD. Rate: 0.017. Previous Close: 0.017. Inverse: 50,000.00 USD = 2,891,600.05 PHP. 🕒 …Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 25,000 php. Converted to. 437.91 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01752 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 20:59. Track the exchange rate.Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 500 php. Converted to. 8.65 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01729 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 00:32. Track the exchange rate.TWD – Taiwan New Dollar. To. PHP – Philippine Peso. 1.00 Taiwan New Dollar =. 1.78 31663 Philippine Pesos. 1 PHP = 0.560800 TWD. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for informational purposes only. You won’t receive this rate when sending money.The currency closed at 57.35 per dollar on Friday. It was emerging Asia’s worst-performing currency in April with a loss of 2.7% against the dollar. “We see the …55000 Philippine Pesos to US Dollars. Convert ₱ 55000 Philippine Peso to US Dollar with today Exchange rate. 55000 PHP = 989.8 USD Fifty-five thousand Philippine Peso in United States Dollar. PHP to USD on today rate: 1 PHP = 0.018 USD Invert: 55000 USD to PHP Other amounts PHP to USD ConverterThe information shown there does not constitute financial advice. Conversion rates US Dollar / Philippine Peso. 1 USD. 57.81820 PHP. 5 USD. 289.09100 PHP. 10 USD.PHP – Philippine Peso. To. HKD – Hong Kong Dollar. 5,000.00 Philippine Pesos =. 682.45 36 Hong Kong Dollars. 1 PHP = 0.136491 HKD. 1 HKD = 7.32651 PHP. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for informational purposes only.Convert 55000 Philippine Peso to US Dollar using latest Foreign Currency Exchange Rates. The fast and reliable converter shows how much you would get when exchanging fifty five thousand Philippine Peso to US Dollar. Converter X provides up-to-date exchange rates on global currencies.Convert 55000 Philippine Peso to US Dollar using latest Foreign Currency Exchange Rates. The fast and reliable converter shows how much you would get when exchanging fifty five thousand Philippine Peso to US Dollar. Converter X provides up-to-date exchange rates on global currencies.To. USD – US Dollar. 5,000.00 Philippine Pesos =. 87.12 8138 US Dollars. 1 PHP = 0.0174256 USD. 1 USD = 57.3867 PHP. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for informational purposes only. You won’t receive this rate when sending money.What will happen tomorrow? It is the morning of Mayweather v. Pacquiao in the Philippines, but it feels like Christmas. In the lead-up to the fight between Filipino boxer Manny Pac...How to convert Philippine pesos to Canadian dollars. 1 Input your amount. Simply type in the box how much you want to convert. 2 Choose your currencies. Click on the dropdown to select PHP in the first dropdown as the currency that you want to convert and CAD in the second drop down as the currency you want to convert to. 3
Convert PHP to AUD at the real exchange rate. 1,000 php. Converted to. 26.55 aud. ₱1.000 PHP = A$0.02655 AUD. Mid-market exchange rate at 11:26. Track the exchange rate.. Santa fe ranch irving
The information shown there does not constitute financial advice. Conversion rates Philippine Peso / US Dollar. 1 PHP. 0.01741 USD. 5 PHP. 0.08704 USD. 10 PHP. 0.17408 USD. 20 PHP.Convert 55,000 PHP to USD with the Wise Currency Converter. Analyze historical currency charts or live Philippine peso / US dollar rates and get free rate alerts directly to your email. 55,000 USD to PHP – US Dollars to Philippine Pesos. How much is $55,000.00 – the fifty-five thousand 💵 us dollars is worth ₱3,157,481.31 (PHP) today or 🇵🇭 three million one hundred fifty-seven thousand four hundred eighty-one philippine pesos 31 centavos as of 16:00PM UTC. Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 5,500 php. Converted to. 95.28 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01732 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 18:16. Track the exchange rate.How to convert Hong Kong dollars to Philippine pesos. 1 Input your amount. Simply type in the box how much you want to convert. 2 Choose your currencies. Click on the dropdown to select HKD in the first dropdown as the currency that you want to convert and PHP in the second drop down as the currency you want to convert to. 3 That’s it1,000.00 Philippine Pesos =. 17.43 1566 US Dollars. 1 PHP = 0.0174316 USD. 1 USD = 57.3672 PHP. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for informational purposes only. You won’t receive this rate when sending money. Login to view send rates. Philippine Peso to US Dollar conversion — Last updated May 9, 2024, 17:01 UTC.10,000 php. Converted to. 261.70 aud. ₱1.000 PHP = A$0.02617 AUD. Mid-market exchange rate at 08:12. Track the exchange rate.PHP - Philippine Peso. Our currency rankings show that the most popular Philippine Peso exchange rate is the PHP to USD rate. The currency code for Philippine ...Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 1.12 php. Converted to. 0.02 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01731 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 16:23. Track the exchange rate.Get free real-time information on USD/DOP quotes including USD/DOP live chart. Indices Commodities Currencies Stocks Get the latest 50,000 Philippine Peso to US Dollar rate for FREE with the original Universal Currency Converter. Set rate alerts for PHP to USD and learn more about Philippine Pesos and US Dollars from XE - the Currency Authority. = 3167367.61 PHP. 55000 Philippine Peso To United States Dollar. Exchange Rates Updated: May 02,2024 13:51 UTC. Full history please visit USD/PHP History. Convert …The information shown there does not constitute financial advice. Conversion rates Philippine Peso / US Dollar. 1 PHP. 0.01743 USD. 5 PHP. 0.08713 USD. 10 PHP. 0.17425 USD. 20 PHP.5,000 USD to PHP – US Dollars to Philippine Pesos. How much is $5,000.00 – the five thousand 💵 us dollars is worth ₱285,869.97 (PHP) today or 🇵🇭 two hundred eighty-five thousand eight hundred sixty-nine philippine pesos 97 centavos as of 14:00PM UTC.We utilize mid-market currency rates to convert USD against PHP …USD – US Dollar. 1.00 Philippine Peso =. 0.01 7281964 US Dollars. 1 USD = 57.8638 PHP. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for informational purposes only. You won’t receive this rate when sending money. Login to view send rates. Philippine Peso to US Dollar conversion — Last updated May 14, 2024, 03:37 UTC.Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 25,000 php. Converted to. 437.91 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01752 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 20:59. Track the exchange rate.Convert PHP to USD at the real exchange rate. 2,500 php. Converted to. 43.23 usd. ₱1.000 PHP = $0.01729 USD. Mid-market exchange rate at 10:19. Track the exchange rate.5,000 PHP to USD – Philippine Pesos to US Dollars. How much is ₱5,000.00 – the five thousand 🇵🇭 philippine pesos is worth $86.50 (USD) today or 💵 eighty-six us dollars 50 cents as of 12:00PM UTC. We utilize mid-market currency rates to convert PHP against USD currency pair. The current exchange rate is 0.017.How to convert US dollars to Philippine pesos. 1 Input your amount. Simply type in the box how much you want to convert. 2 Choose your currencies. Click on the dropdown to select USD in the first dropdown as the currency that you want to convert and PHP in the second drop down as the currency you want to convert to. 3 That’s itThe cost of 55000 Philippine Pesos in New Taiwan Dollars today is NT$31,190.07 according to the “Open Exchange Rates”, compared to yesterday, the exchange rate increased by 0.08% (by +NT$0.0005). The exchange rate of the Philippine Peso in relation to the New Taiwan Dollar on the chart, the table of the dynamics of the ….